| Design | International RCT, n=571 (stopped early for harm) |
| Published | 2013 (NEJM) |
| Result | High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) significantly increased in-hospital mortality compared to conventional ventilation in moderate-severe ARDS (47% vs 35%, p=0.005). |
| Practice impact | HFOV abandoned as a standard rescue strategy for ARDS; no longer recommended in current guidelines. |
Source: The Bottom Line